Product Documents & Files
Typesort descending Title Date
Technical Notes and Briefs: LPFRS Warm-Up Plot

LPFRS Warm-Up Plot

pdf - 535 KB
Thursday, February 7, 2008
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Technical Notes and Briefs: GPS Lightning Surge Protection

GPS Lightning Surge Protection

Facilities with connections to the outside may suffer damage due to lightning. Electronic components are extremely sensitive to high voltage from major energy sources such as lightning, which is the most common danger. It also has the characteristic of being completely unforeseeable. To protect people and equipment from lightning, it is essential to ensure that all wired connections from building exteriors include the appropriate form of protection. 		pdf - 134 KB
Wednesday, May 18, 2011
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Technical Notes and Briefs: Space Cesium & Maser Clock Ensemble

Space Cesium & Maser Clock Ensemble

Space Passive Hydrogen Maser - Performance, Lifetime Data And GIOVE-B Related Telemetries. 		pdf - 285 KB
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Technical Notes and Briefs: STANAG / HaveQuick Synchronization

STANAG / HaveQuick Synchronization

STAndard NAto Agreement is a set of minimal specifications aiming at providing interoperability between military equipment deployed by NATO nations. In the area of communications, several STANAGs include specifications related to time and frequency to allow reliable operation of highly protected radio communication networks or links. As a leading provider of Time & Frequency systems for military forces, Spectracom offers high accuracy, high reliability, and flexible solutions to synchronize communication systems in compliance with the relevant STANAGs. This technical note provides a brief description of the main time and frequency related STANAGs as well as their implementation as an option board for the SecureSync Master Clock system. 		pdf - 420 KB
Thursday, November 17, 2011
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Technical Notes and Briefs: The Onboard Galileo Rubidium and Passive Maser - Status & Performance

The Onboard Galileo Rubidium and Passive Maser - Status & Performance

Galileo program is approved by the European Commission and the European Space Agency (ESA). The activities related to GSTBV2 experimental satellite as well as the implementation of the In Orbit Validation phase are in progress. Atomic clocks represent critical equipment for the satellite navigation system and clocks development has been continuously supported by ESA. 		pdf - 571 KB
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Technical Notes and Briefs: Routing of Data Across Multiple Networks

Routing of Data Across Multiple Networks

This technical note provides a general description of the software routing scheme of a single Spectracom unit with multiple network ports and offers alternative timing hardware deployments if software isolation is insufficient. 		pdf - 110 KB
Wednesday, February 13, 2019
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Technical Notes and Briefs: Programming Interfaces for Automation and Remote Control for GSG Series Simulators

Programming Interfaces for Automation and Remote Control for GSG Series Simulators

One of the benefits of Orolia GSG Series GPS/GNSS simulators is that it does not require any external controller and can operate for 31 days continuously (longer if the unit is connected to the internet). However, there are many situations where remote control from an external program is helpful and required when integrating GPS signals with other test parameters. GSG simulators can be connected to a PC using Ethernet, GPIB or USB. A SCPI command set allows for remote control and integration into test systems. 		pdf - 137 KB
Monday, December 31, 2018
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Technical Notes and Briefs: Sensor Simulation with GPS Testing

Sensor Simulation with GPS Testing

GPS simulators are able to test the integration of a GPS/GNSS receiver into a nav system by generating signals corresponding to virtually any condition including vehicle dynamics. They can also generate signals for other sensors for a comprehensive system test. As the simulator generates satellite data for a given trajectory, it simultaneously calculates position and attitude data in six degrees of freedom in real-time; forward/backward, left/right and up/down as well as the rotations about three perpendicular axes, pitch, yaw, and roll; which can be queried and used in integrated test systems. 		pdf - 181 KB
Monday, December 31, 2018
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Technical Notes and Briefs: Active Maser Clock for Space Clock Ensemble

Active Maser Clock for Space Clock Ensemble

Development Of The Space Active Hydrogen Maser for the Aces Mission. 		pdf - 700 KB
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Technical Notes and Briefs: Simulate Now - Testing Without a Cold Reset

Simulate Now - Testing Without a Cold Reset

Normally, a cold reset on a GPS/GNSS receiver under test is required to fully clear previous data to allow a new set of parameters to be used in a simulation. However, when a GNSS receiver is embedded in a product or is being tested on an assembly line, cold resetting a receiver is not always practical. Spectracom GPS/GNSS simulators have the ability to "Simulate Now". It will use the current date/time to match the receiver. It will also match its almanac data to allow for fast testing without the need for a cold reset. 		pdf - 133 KB
Friday, December 21, 2018
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Technical Notes and Briefs: NTP over Anycast

NTP over Anycast

Spectracom NTP services, implemented in its SecureSync and NetClock 9400 platforms, are compatible with an Anycast routing scheme. The NTP over Anycast feature is a combination of the time server’s ability to associate one of its network ports to an Anycast IP address and to remove itself as an available time source if there is a problem with its reference. 		pdf - 170 KB
Thursday, September 25, 2014
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Technical Notes and Briefs: 2018 KANNAD ELT MAINTENANCE POLICY

2018 KANNAD ELT MAINTENANCE POLICY

pdf - 137 KB
Tuesday, January 23, 2018
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Technical Notes and Briefs: Swiss Space Atomic Clock Technologies and Applications in Space Science

Swiss Space Atomic Clock Technologies and Applications in Space Science

pdf - 753 KB
Saturday, February 1, 2014
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Technical Notes and Briefs: Testing SAASM and Carrier Phase Receivers

Testing SAASM and Carrier Phase Receivers

Orolia's GSG-6 GPS/GNSS simulators can be configured for dual frequency L1/L2 simulation. It generates both the C/A and P code signals simultaneously for the GPS and GLONASS navigation systems. Though it does not have an encryption capability to simulate a true classified P(Y) signal, it is still a powerful tool for acceptance testing of classified Selective Availability / Anti-Spoofing Module (SAASM) receivers. This technical note explains how to use the simulator for military SAASM receiver testing and for also testing commercial carrier phase receivers that use the L2 P(Y) signal. 		pdf - 148 KB
Monday, December 31, 2018
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Technical Notes and Briefs: iSource+ RMO Mounting AppNote

iSource+ RMO Mounting AppNote

Rubidium Master Oscillator (RMO) Mounting Recommendations for Optimal Heat Sink 		pdf - 384 KB
Monday, December 10, 2018
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Technical Notes and Briefs: Healthcare Regulations, Standards and Best Practices Relevant to Time Accuracy

Healthcare Regulations, Standards and Best Practices Relevant to Time Accuracy

Professionals in the healthcare field are well aware of the importance of accuracy. There are strong needs and requirements for accurate time in software, databases, all computing devices, network infrastructure, documentation and medical equipment. Besides HIPAA there are many other existing and proposed regulations, standards and best practices that require accurate time for a range of applications from computing systems to quality of care metrics. We provide this list as a reference to the industry. If you know of any updates to these or additional standards related to records management, internal controls, timely diagnosis and care, security and authentication and more, for the healthcare industry, please contact us. 		pdf - 163 KB
Friday, October 10, 2014
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Technical Notes and Briefs: Passive Maser Performance & Lifetime

Passive Maser Performance & Lifetime

Space Passive Hydrogen Maser- Performance and lifetime data. 		pdf - 1021 KB
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Technical Notes and Briefs: GPS Week Rollover Issues - Public Safety Products

GPS Week Rollover Issues - Public Safety Products

PDF - 124 KB
Monday, December 31, 2018
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Technical Notes and Briefs: Periodic inspection of Kannad 406 ELTs: S18XX502-25-12 Rev 06

Periodic inspection of Kannad 406 ELTs: S18XX502-25-12 Rev 06

Rev 06 – Issue Mar. 16/2020 		pdf - 612 KB
Monday, March 16, 2020
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Technical Notes and Briefs: Synchronizing Windows Computers

Synchronizing Windows Computers

The purpose of this document is to provide detailed information on synchronizing Windows 7, 2008, 2003 and 2000 Stand-Alone PCs and Domain Controllers, as well as Windows 7, 2008, 2003, VISTA, XP, 2000, NT, 98 and 95 clients with a Spectracom NTP time server. 		pdf - 2 MB
Tuesday, February 21, 2012
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Technical Notes and Briefs: VelaSync End-Of-Lift Notice

VelaSync End-Of-Lift Notice

Velasync 1232 End-Of-Life Notice 		pdf - 90 KB
Thursday, September 3, 2020
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Technical Notes and Briefs: Galileo GIOVE Atomic Rubidium & Passive Maser Clocks

Galileo GIOVE Atomic Rubidium & Passive Maser Clocks

The Galileo In-Orbit Validation Element (GIOVE) is an experiment led by the European Space Agency (ESA) aimed at supporting the on-going implementation of Galileo, the European Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). 		pdf - 947 KB
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Technical Notes and Briefs: Vehicle Modeling with GPS Simulation Testing

Vehicle Modeling with GPS Simulation Testing

The typical application for a GPS simulator assumes an unobstructed view of the satellites. For advanced testing applications, it is possible to model the placement of the GPS antenna relative to the vehicle body. Starting in application software version 6.2 of the GSG series GPS simulators, vehicle modeling allows the simulated satellite signals to be blocked by the vehicle. Applications of this feature include aircraft maneuvers. 		pdf - 2 MB
Monday, December 31, 2018
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Technical Notes and Briefs: Lifetime of Space Passive Hydrogen Maser

Lifetime of Space Passive Hydrogen Maser

Accurate and ultra-stable space qualified atomic clocks represent critical equipment for the precision Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). The Passive Hydrogen Maser (PHM), with its excellent frequency stability performance, is the master clock for European Navigation satellite payload, and is the most stable clock ever flown for GNSS. 		pdf - 500 KB
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Technical Notes and Briefs: Spectratime Product Safety Data Sheet (PSDS)

Spectratime Product Safety Data Sheet (PSDS)

PSDS (Product Safety Data Sheet) contains information which should answer any questions relating to handling/shipping of Rubidium (Rb) oscillators and products containing those oscillators. 		pdf - 43 KB
Wednesday, December 12, 2018
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Technical Notes and Briefs: Periodic inspection of Compact and Integra ELT: S18XX501-25-01 Rev01

Periodic inspection of Compact and Integra ELT: S18XX501-25-01 Rev01

Rev 01 – Issue Mar. 16/2020 		pdf - 706 KB
Monday, March 16, 2020
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Technical Notes and Briefs: Path Align-R Field Verification Check

Path Align-R Field Verification Check

The following operational checks of the Path Align-R™ may be made by personnel in the field to confirm proper operation of both Path Align-R™ units, their coax cables and the waveguide adapters (transitions). This confirmation may be made prior to climbing the towers or whenever an operational confidence check needs to be made in the field, without access to test equipment or electronic technicians. 		pdf - 345 KB
Thursday, May 3, 2012
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Technical Notes and Briefs: iSource+ Rubidium Clock Lifetime and MTBF Data

iSource+ Rubidium Clock Lifetime and MTBF Data

LPFRS / RMO / STARLPRO / LNRClok / GRClok Rubidium Clock Lifetime and MTBF 		pdf - 256 KB
Saturday, November 1, 2014
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Technical Notes and Briefs: GPS Radiation Considerations

GPS Radiation Considerations

When using a Spectracom GSG series GPS/GNSS signal generator with an optional antenna, one must consider regulations controlling the radiation of GPS-like signals into the air. This document describes the analysis for limiting these signals according to United States requirements. 		pdf - 205 KB
Thursday, May 3, 2012
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Technical Notes and Briefs: GPS Receiver Mobile Mode Operation

GPS Receiver Mobile Mode Operation

Starting with Tsync-PCIe firmware Release version 2.0.0, all TSync-PCIe timing boards that contain an internal GPS receiver have the capability of operating in either the factory default “Standard” mode (Also known as the “Stationary” mode) or can instead be programmed to operate in the available “Mobile” mode (also known as “Continuous” mode). 		pdf - 151 KB
Tuesday, November 15, 2011
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Technical Notes and Briefs: Atomic Clocks and Timing Systems in Global Navigation Satellite Systems

Atomic Clocks and Timing Systems in Global Navigation Satellite Systems

Accurate and ultra-stable atomic clocks have been recognized as the critical equipment for the precision Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). SpectraTime (SpT) and T4Science (T4S) are space and ground clocks manufacturers of Rubidium Atomic Frequency Standard (RAFS) and Active & Passive Hydrogen Maser (HM) for various navigation systems (European, Chinese and Indian) and other programs. 		pdf - 689 KB
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Visio: 9300 Series NetClock and Related Time Sync Products Visio Shapes

9300 Series NetClock and Related Time Sync Products Visio Shapes

Visio shapes for NetClock model 9383, 9389, 9388 and other related time synchronization products. 		vss - 2 MB
Friday, August 3, 2012
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Visio: Broadcast Network Sync Visio Shapes

Broadcast Network Sync Visio Shapes

Vizio shapes for Spectracom synchronization and test products and other network elements typically found in a synchronized digital broadcast network. 		vss - 182 KB
Friday, August 3, 2012
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Visio: NetClock 9300 Series Rear Panel Visio Shapes

NetClock 9300 Series Rear Panel Visio Shapes

Visio shape line drawings of 9383, 9389, 9388 rear panels. 		vss - 631 KB
Friday, August 3, 2012
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Visio: NetClock 9483 and Accessories Visio Shapes

NetClock 9483 and Accessories Visio Shapes

Visio shapes for NetClock 9483 popular configurations - front and rear panels - with typical add-on products. 		VSS - 570 KB
Monday, October 21, 2013
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Visio: SecureSync Visio Shapes

SecureSync Visio Shapes

A couple of Visio shapes for the SecureSync modular time and frequency reference system. 		vss - 36 KB
Thursday, July 11, 2013
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White Papers: Tech Brief Resiliency in PNT: GPS/GNSS Jamming and Spoofing

Tech Brief Resiliency in PNT: GPS/GNSS Jamming and Spoofing

Reliance on GNSS is now commonplace. However, all GNSS systems share a common vulnerability: their signals are very weak. GNSS satellites operate from Mid-Earth Orbit (MEO), approximately 20,000-25,000 km above the earth, to provide the best coverage and geometry for triangulation. As such, the transmitted signal is extremely weak upon arrival at the surface of the earth – so weak that it is weaker than the surrounding radio noise. Special signal processing techniques recover the GNSS signal from the background noise, but the weak signal strength at the user’s receivers makes GNSS navigation very susceptible to interference. 		pdf - 641 KB
Tuesday, July 2, 2019
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White Papers: Leap Second Readiness Tips

Leap Second Readiness Tips

If you manage a time-sensitive network, you'll want to consider how a leap second event will effect your applications. We offer these tips to help you be prepared. 		pdf - 224 KB
Monday, December 31, 2018
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White Papers: A Master Clock Approach to Distributing Precision Time and Frequency

A Master Clock Approach to Distributing Precision Time and Frequency

Traditional time and frequency distribution is defined by splitting and amplifying a signal to as many devices as needed. The distribution amplifier became a mainstay in precision time and frequency systems. Today there is greater access to precision timing considering more clocks in space transmitting global navigation signals and more network connectivity able to maintain higher levels of timing accuracy. A new generation of master clocks is capable of leveraging these trends while offering flexibility to generate the signal types and quantities wherever needed. Distribution amplifiers can still be an important “brick” in the system to meet needs for redundancy, reliability and cost-efficiency. This white paper describes the issue of providing precise time and frequency signals of the type and quantity needed by the application using commercial-off-the-shelf devices from Spectracom. 		pdf - 652 KB
Friday, January 31, 2014
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White Papers: Protecting the U.S. Military From GPS Jamming and Spoofing White Paper

Protecting the U.S. Military From GPS Jamming and Spoofing White Paper

Military forces need GPS to provide critical, precise information, but GPS is vulnerable and can be exploited. This white paper from C4ISRNET discusses how preparation and countermeasures can assure forces maintain critical capabilities. 		Download white paper
Wednesday, April 15, 2020
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White Papers: Resilient PNT: How to Detect, Protect and Prevent Disruption of GPS/GNSS/PNT Signals and Sources

Resilient PNT: How to Detect, Protect and Prevent Disruption of GPS/GNSS/PNT Signals and Sources

For the last two decades, reliance upon GPS/GNSS for positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) by civilian applications has been an overwhelming success, providing increasingly accurate and reliable PNT information everywhere for free. However, in recent years, malicious threats have emerged that exposed the Achilles heel of GPS/GNSS: Its weak power and unencrypted signal format leave it vulnerable to jamming and spoofing. The loss of PNT information can result in rare but catastrophic events, crippling critical infrastructure that is necessary for our survival.

Fortunately, there are many alternative technologies available to augment GPS and provide accurate and reliable PNT information even under extremely adverse conditions. These include:

  • Low Earth Orbit (LEO) PNT satellite signals – operating close to the Earth, with signal strengths ~1000x stronger than GPS, to overcome jamming. And, encrypted to prevent spoofing.
  • Miniaturized, affordable atomic clocks to provide precise time internally – which is the foundation of every positioning system – without connection to, or reliance on, outside sources which could corrupt the precision.
  • Fiber optic network time distribution via secure, high accuracy protocols.

In this white paper, we will discuss these alternative technologies and offer recommendations for procedures and processes to manage and avoid the risks of cyberattacks, applying the best practices known today. We will focus on Resilient PNT and describe the strategies, technologies and procedures to avoid these cybersecurity risks and ensure the continuity of any critical operation.

 pdf - 8 MB
Wednesday, September 2, 2020
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White Papers: A Holistic Approach to Trusted, Resilient PNT

A Holistic Approach to Trusted, Resilient PNT

Positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) services are indispensable, and providing trusted, resilient PNT solutions requires us to look beyond individual systems and methodologies to focus upon the user. An architecture that can meet this demand must include multiple systems with diverse technologies so that any single threat or source of disruption can be mitigated. This document discusses how signaling technologies such as GNSS, eLoran and STL are the complementary components of this architecture. 		pdf - 583 KB
Wednesday, May 9, 2018
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White Papers: What Time is it? It’s a Matter of Trust

What Time is it? It’s a Matter of Trust

Those in the business of measuring time are familiar with the saying, “If you have one clock, you know what time it is. If you have two, well…”. Time synchronization is the ability for all clocks to have the same time. But what time is it? If your time synchronization deployment uses time from the internet, your organization may be at risk. Official time provided by a GPS-based network appliance is a time source that you can trust. 		pdf - 399 KB
Friday, September 5, 2014
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White Papers: Creating a GNSS Test Plan: A Start to Finish Guide

Creating a GNSS Test Plan: A Start to Finish Guide

The low cost and high performance of GNSS receiver chipsets makes it easier than ever to include a GNSS receiver in products that never had them before. With the availability of multiple GNSS constellations that transmit signals on multiple frequencies, and various available technologies to improve the accuracy of GNSS, evaluating and selecting a receiver can be a significant undertaking.

How a GNSS receiver is integrated can have a major impact on product and system performance. To ensure success, a best practice is to perform testing using a GNSS simulator, which allows for repeatable testing of devices with GNSS receivers in simulated environments.

This white paper defines the key performance tests for the receiver, outlines test development considerations, and includes an Example Test Plan.

 pdf - 5 MB
Tuesday, September 1, 2020
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White Papers: The Advent of Tightly Synchronized Clocks in Distributed Systems

The Advent of Tightly Synchronized Clocks in Distributed Systems

The last decade has brought a paradigm shift in computing systems from single processor devices — whose performance plateaued — to distributed computing systems. In distributed systems, nodes execute concurrently with limited information about what the other nodes are executing at the moment. A key component of distributed coordination is the enforcement of consistent views at all nodes for the ordering of significant events. To this end, events are "timestamped" with logical counters or — increasingly lately — with tightly-synchronized physical time.

About the Author:

Murat Demirbas is a Professor of Computer Science & Engineering at University at Buffalo, SUNY. Murat received his Ph.D. from The Ohio State University in 2004 and did a postdoc at the Theory of Distributed Systems Group at MIT in 2005. His research interests are in distributed and networked systems and cloud computing. Murat received an NSF CAREER award in 2008, UB Exceptional Scholars Young Investigator Award in 2010, UB School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Senior Researcher of the Year Award in 2016. He maintains a popular blog on distributed systems at http://muratbuffalo.blogspot.com.

 pdf - 192 KB
Friday, May 11, 2018
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White Papers: What is a GPS Simulator?

What is a GPS Simulator?

As GPS receivers are built into more mission-critical devices for difficult application environments, and designed with the emerging capabilities of a multitude of GNSS constellations and augmentation systems, developers and manufacturers need better ways to guarantee performance. That’s where a GPS simulator comes in. 		pdf - 99 KB
Monday, December 31, 2018
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White Papers: Why Accurate Time is Essential for Video Surveillance and Security Programs

Why Accurate Time is Essential for Video Surveillance and Security Programs

With IP-based video surveillance hardware, commercial and government security professionals can now significantly improve their security system’s efficiency, performance and functionality by leveraging modern networking technologies. However, as is the case with any network, time synchronization – where all clocks in cameras, access systems, recording equipment, and computers have the same time – is essential, not only to ensure proper operation of your surveillance systems, but also to ensure the credibility of legal evidence. 		pdf - 2 MB
Tuesday, October 15, 2019
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White Papers: Making Time Sensitive Networks Resilient Against Threats White Paper

Making Time Sensitive Networks Resilient Against Threats White Paper

Today's time sensitive networks rely on available and accurate positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) signals to provide leaders with the information required to make timely and effective decisions. The proliferation of GNSS-degrading and denying devices across state and non-state actors put this critical information capability in jeopardy. Learn how a combination of alternative PNT signals with traditional GNSS references makes PNT applications resilient against jamming and spoofing. 		pdf - 3 MB
Friday, May 11, 2018
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White Papers: MiFID II Clock Sync Requirements Checklist

MiFID II Clock Sync Requirements Checklist

In January 2018, MiFID II RTS 25 compliance began, including five requirements for timing synchronization. Use this detailed checklist to make sure that you’re aware of the key considerations, your timing chain is ready and you're fully compliant.

 pdf - 2 MB
Friday, January 19, 2018
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White Papers: An Engineer’s Guide to CRPA Testing

An Engineer’s Guide to CRPA Testing

CRPAs (Controlled Reception Pattern Antennas) are becoming increasingly common, particularly in the Defense sector. CRPAs are an extremely effective anti-jam/spoof solution, because they adapt dynamically in response to jamming or spoofing signals. It is important to know the direction from which the interference is coming, so that you do not receive that RF power into your GPS receiver. This is done by forming nulls in the direction of the interference, or by using beam forming techniques to isolate and track only the true satellite signals, ignoring theothers.

This guide discusses the applications and use cases for CRPAs, how they work and the methods for testing them. It also explores the various types of testing solutions available in the marketplace today, and helps you choose the right solution for your specific application.

 pdf - 5 MB
Friday, September 18, 2020
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