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Type	Title	Date
White Papers: The Importance of Low Phase Noise in Military Mobile Applications	The Importance of Low Phase Noise in Military Mobile Applications Military communications and intelligence-collection functions, traditionally associated with fixed sites and large platforms, are being pushed to tactical vehicles and sophisticated Unmanned Autonomous Vehicles (UAVs). This results in more C5ISR systems being installed on mobile platforms. Whether in the air, on land, or at sea, these vehicles will impart shocks and vibrations to their electronics, sometimes severely. In high vibration environments, the system designer must account for induced phase noise which can drastically affect overall performance. This white paper discusses the challenges of keeping low noise signals pure in any environment.	pdf - 903 KB Wednesday, August 22, 2018 [ Permalink ]
White Papers: What Time is it? It’s a Matter of Trust	What Time is it? It’s a Matter of Trust Those in the business of measuring time are familiar with the saying, “If you have one clock, you know what time it is. If you have two, well…”. Time synchronization is the ability for all clocks to have the same time. But what time is it? If your time synchronization deployment uses time from the internet, your organization may be at risk. Official time provided by a GPS-based network appliance is a time source that you can trust.	pdf - 399 KB Friday, September 5, 2014 [ Permalink ]
White Papers: A Holistic Approach to Trusted, Resilient PNT	A Holistic Approach to Trusted, Resilient PNT Positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) services are indispensable, and providing trusted, resilient PNT solutions requires us to look beyond individual systems and methodologies to focus upon the user. An architecture that can meet this demand must include multiple systems with diverse technologies so that any single threat or source of disruption can be mitigated. This document discusses how signaling technologies such as GNSS, eLoran and STL are the complementary components of this architecture.	pdf - 583 KB Wednesday, May 9, 2018 [ Permalink ]
White Papers: Practical Guide to GADSS Autonomous Distress Tracking Implementation	Practical Guide to GADSS Autonomous Distress Tracking Implementation The Autonomous Distress Tracking (ADT) mandate is part of the Global Aeronautical Distress and Safety System (GADSS) initiative launched by ICAO after several accidents where downed aircraft could not be located at all, or only after long and expensive search efforts. While most airlines have already complied with the normal tracking mandate due by the end of 2018, the ADT requirement for January 2021 is approaching fast. It is designed to improve the location of aircraft in the critical phase, when the aircraft is in distress, anywhere in the world.	GADSS White Paper Monday, December 3, 2018 [ Permalink ]
White Papers: What is a GPS Simulator?	What is a GPS Simulator? As GPS receivers are built into more mission-critical devices for difficult application environments, and designed with the emerging capabilities of a multitude of GNSS constellations and augmentation systems, developers and manufacturers need better ways to guarantee performance. That’s where a GPS simulator comes in.	pdf - 99 KB Monday, December 31, 2018 [ Permalink ]
White Papers: Leap Second Readiness Tips	Leap Second Readiness Tips If you manage a time-sensitive network, you'll want to consider how a leap second event will effect your applications. We offer these tips to help you be prepared.	pdf - 224 KB Monday, December 31, 2018 [ Permalink ]
White Papers: The Advent of Tightly Synchronized Clocks in Distributed Systems	The Advent of Tightly Synchronized Clocks in Distributed Systems The last decade has brought a paradigm shift in computing systems from single processor devices — whose performance plateaued — to distributed computing systems. In distributed systems, nodes execute concurrently with limited information about what the other nodes are executing at the moment. A key component of distributed coordination is the enforcement of consistent views at all nodes for the ordering of significant events. To this end, events are "timestamped" with logical counters or — increasingly lately — with tightly-synchronized physical time.	White Paper Friday, May 11, 2018 [ Permalink ]
White Papers: Making Time Sensitive Networks Resilient Against Threats White Paper	Making Time Sensitive Networks Resilient Against Threats White Paper Today's time sensitive networks rely on available and accurate positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) signals to provide leaders with the information required to make timely and effective decisions. The proliferation of GNSS-degrading and denying devices across state and non-state actors put this critical information capability in jeopardy. Learn how a combination of alternative PNT signals with traditional GNSS references makes PNT applications resilient against jamming and spoofing.	White Paper Friday, May 11, 2018 [ Permalink ]
White Papers: The Importance of Testing to Detect GNSS Vulnerabilities in Intelligent Transportation Systems	The Importance of Testing to Detect GNSS Vulnerabilities in Intelligent Transportation Systems For more than a decade, GPS has been at the core of the navigation systems used in all types of road vehicles, train systems and marine transport vehicles. As industry moves from standalone navigation systems to the advanced multi-sensor systems used in intelligent transportation systems (ITS), GPS signals remain a key component of these systems. The development of autonomous vehicles for road, rail and water demands a comprehensive and repeatable test plan for GNSS. This white paper discusses and outlines testing methods for GNSS performance and vulnerabilities.	White Paper Friday, October 26, 2018 [ Permalink ]
White Papers: Wanted: Reliable PNT for Intelligent Transportation Systems	Wanted: Reliable PNT for Intelligent Transportation Systems A key feature of the concept of the connected car is accurate Positioning, Navigation and Timing technology. These must be more reliable and accurate than ever before, and they must co-exist with a multitude of other types of sensors and the computational loads associated with them. This white paper explores the trends relative to the big-picutre of intelligent transportation systems.	pdf - 3 MB Friday, November 4, 2016 [ Permalink ]
White Papers: Mitigating an NTP Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attack	Mitigating an NTP Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attack Network time service is not something many businesses think about as a key component of their critical infrastructures. In fact, it is often overlooked entirely, and in error. As a result, the network architect or engineer often defaults to an easy alternative: using a server or network switch as the source of the network clock and synchronizing these sources to Internet time servers using Network Time Protocol (NTP). This white paper discusses the risks of, and alternative solutions to, "NTP Over the Internet."	Mitigating an NTP Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attack Wednesday, August 29, 2018 [ Permalink ]

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